Phytocannabinoids are compounds that occur naturally in all cannabis plants. The classical cannabinoids are formed through chemical reactions of their respective 2-carboxylic acids (2-COOH), a process that is accelerated by heat, light or alkaline conditions.
These cannabinoids are abundant in the gluey resin that is produced by glandular structures in the cannabis plant called trichomes. This resin is also rich in terpenes, which are responsible for the characteristic smell of the cannabis plant. The phytocannabinoids are mostly insoluble in water but are soluble in alcohol and fat and other organic solvents. In alkaline conditions, they can form water-soluble salts, being essentially phenols.
Phytocannabinoids
Δ9(delta-9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the psychoactive substance that produces the “high” you get with smoking marijuana.
Boiling point: 157*C / 314.6 degrees Fahrenheit
Properties: Euphoriant, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antiemetic
CannaBiDiol (CBD)
The second most prevalent of the active ingredients of cannabis is CBD. While CBD is an essential component of medical marijuana, it is derived mostly from the hemp plant, which is a close cousin of the marijuana plant.
Boiling point: 160-180*C / 320-356 degrees Fahrenheit
Properties: Anxiolytic, Analgesic, Antipsychotic, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antispasmodic
Cannabinol (CBN)
Cannabinol is a mildly psychoactive cannabinoid found in tiny amounts from Cannabis. CBN is mostly found in cannabis that is properly aged and stored and is derived from the plant’s main psychoactive chemical, THC.
Boiling point: 185*C / 365 degrees Fahrenheit
Properties: Sedative, Antibiotic
Cannabichromene (CBC)
CBC is a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid that has shown to be a potent TRPA1 agonist and to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Boiling point: 220*C / 428 degrees Fahrenheit
Properties: Anti-inflammatory, Antibiotic, Antifungal
Cannabigerol (CBG)
Cannabigerol (CBG) is a type of cannabinoid obtained from the marijuana plant. It’s often referred to as the mother of all cannabinoids. This is because other cannabinoids are derived from cannabigerol acid (CBGA), an acidic type of CBG.
Boiling point: MP52
Properties: Anti-inflammatory, Antibiotic, Antifungal
Δ8(delta-8)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC)
Delta-8 is a cannabis compound that has become quite popular because of its similarity to delta-9 THC, the main compound in cannabis that gets you high, causing euphoria, happiness, sedation, symptom relief, and much more.
Boiling point: 175-178*C / 347-352.4 degrees Fahrenheit
Properties: Resembles Δ9-THC, Less psychoactive, More stable Antiemetic
Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)
As its name suggests, THCV is somewhat similar to THC in molecular structure and psychoactive properties, but it provides a variety of pronounced and altogether different effects.
Boiling point: < 220*C / <428 degree Fahrenheit
Properties: Analgesic, Euphoriant
Of over 480 different compounds present in the cannabis plant, only around 66 have been identified as cannabinoids
[…] cannabis packaging usually display how much THC and CBD are present. Also the total percentage of cannabinoids, harvest date and more. Cannabis Concentrates have very high levels of THC and are not recommended […]
[…] though the human endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in the development of the fetus, most pediatric organizations and […]
[…] and “CBD” refer to the quantity of active cannabinoids contained in the product as […]